Steam-generator.



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STEAM GENERATOR.

(Application led July 22, 1899.)

2 Sheets-Sheet l.

(No Model.)

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Patented June l2, |900.

vNo. 65|,593.

T. CLARKSON. STEAM GENERA TOR.

(Application led July 22, 1899.) v (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

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Parmi ruina,

THOMAS OLARKSON, OF LONDON, ENGLAND.

STEAM-GENERATOR.

s'PE'cIIcATIoN forming part of Letters Patent No. 651,593, dated June 12, 1900.

Application tiled July 22, 1899. Serial No. 724,818. (No model.) l

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, THOMAS CLARKSON, a subject of the Queen of England, residing at London, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in or Relating to Steam-Generators, (for which I have made application for Letters Patent in Great Britain, No. 5,775, dated March 16, 1899,) of which the 'following is a specification.

This invention relates to steam-generators, more particularly to that type in which no constant Water-level is maintained, the water being fed into one end of a series of coiled tubes connected together and arranged so that steam in a more or less superheated state issues from the other end.

According to this invention the boiler comprises a coil of tubing, into which the water is led, arranged so as to receive heat from the products of combustion just before these products escape into the atmosphere. This feedheating coil is connected to a coil of tube which is arranged so as to encircle the iiame from an oil-burner, which is the source of heat preferably employed. Above the burner lie one above the other a series of involute ACoils of tube, from one of which the steamdelivery pipe leads. One of the preferred constructions is as follows: Vithin an insulated casing of suitable shape are formed two cylindrical chambers arranged side by side, with their axes parallel. One of these chambers may be termed the steam-generating chamber and the other the feed-Water-heating chamber. In the latter' may be arranged, concentrically,atube which runs down almost to the bottom of the chamber which is closed and at the top leads into an exhaust-box, through which the products of combustion can escape into the atmosphere. Beneath the casing inclosing the whole apparatus lies the burner-box, the burner or burners being so arranged as to deliver a mass of flame into the bottom of the steam-generating chamber. Around the central tube in the feed-heating chamber is coiled a tube,into the lower end of whichthe feed-water is forced by a suitable pump. From the upper end of this coil leads a tube which passes downward and into the bottom of the steam-generating chamber, where it is connected to a tube which is coiled closely around the wall of this chamber, so

as to form a water-wall around the actual iiarne of the burner.Y The top of this close coil of tube communicates with the lowest of a series of involute coils of tube which are arranged one above the other in the steamgenerating chamber. These involute coils are so connected up that the steam generated in the lowermost coils passes up through the series and is superheated to the required extent, being delivered by a suitable tube from the uppermost coil. The products of combustion from the burnerpass upward through and around the involute coils, being then deflected by a plate forming the top of the steamgenerating chamber downward into the feedheating chamber, which they traverse from top to bottom, finally passing up the central tube and out into the atmosphere. In the feed-heating chamber the products of combustion pass downward over the feed-water coil, preferably in the opposite direction to which the water is passing through this coil. In another arrangement of the boiler, where space will not allow of the two cylindrical chambers being arranged side by side, the boiler comprises a single chamber of greater length than the steam-generating chamber in the previous case. In the lower part of this chamber is arranged the coil of tube forming the water-wall around the burner and above it the involute coils through which the steam passes. Above the uppermost of these steamcoils are arranged other involute coils through which the feed-Water is led, entering at the topmost and issuing at the lowermost, which elements bysuit-able junction-pieces or otherwise, as found convenient. It is preferable to arrange the junctions ofthe coils in suchV a manner that they' may be all situated one above or adjacent to each other in such a way that the portion of the casing covering them `may readily be removed to allow of access to the joints.

IOC

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a sectional elevation of a steam-generator constructed in accordance with this invention. Fig. 2 is a plan of the same, the top of the casing being removed. Fig. 3 is a sectional elevation of a mod iied arrangement of the boiler. Fig. 4 is aplan of a modified arrangement of the involute coils. Fig. 5 is a section on the line 5 5 of Fig. 4.

Like letters indicate like parts in all the figures.

A casing composed of twin cylindrical parts A and A is mounted on a suitable base A2, constructed so as to contain some suitable source of heat, such as an oil-burnerB. The portion A of the casing contains the steamgenerator proper and will hereinafter be termed the steam generating chamber, while the portion A will hereinafter be termed the feed -water heating chamber. The twin casing A A is closed bya plate A3, forming part of the base A2, an opening A4 being left in this plate beneath the steam-generating chamber A to allow of the flame of the burner B having access to the coils of tube within the chamber A. The top of the twin casing is closed by a plate A5. Passing through an opening in this plate in the top of the feed-water-heating chamber A and concentric with the casing of this chamber is arranged a tube C,which reaches nearly to the bottom of the feed-water-heatin g chamber. A tube D is led into this chamber, convenientljT near the top, through the casing A and coiled around helically within the tube C down to the bottom. Then ce the tube Dis carried outside the tube C and coiled helical] y around the outside of the latter to the top in the manner shown in Fig. 1. From the top of the outside of the tube C the tube D is led downward, as at D', either within the feed-water-heating chamber and through the Wall oi' this chamber or outside it and then through the wall of the generatilig-chamber at A6. The tube is now coiled around, as at D2, within the casing A, the coils being arranged close together, so as to forni a wall around the source of heat. At a suitable point the coiling of the tube in this manner is discontinued, the tube being now arranged in a series of involute coils, as at D3, these coils being superimposed above the source of heat and all connected together, as shown in Fig. l, to form a continuous coilduit, the end of the tube D4 for delivering the steam being led out through the wall A of the casing of the generating-chamber. An opening A7 is made in the walls of the casings A and A' where these are adjacent to each other, the opening being at or near the top of the casin gs and of such a size as to allow the products of combustion to pass freely from the steain-generatin g chamber down into the feedwater-heating chamber, these products of combustion being deflected by the plate A5, which forins the top of the casings A and A. The actual course of the products of combustion is indicated in Fig. l by arrows. It will be seen that these products pass upward around the involute coils of tube D3 and down around the coils D and thence up again within .the bottom of the latter, at A, the tube being then coiled around, as at D2, to form the wall around the source of heat. the tube is arranged in involute coils, as at D3, and carried out from the casing A, as at D4. In this arrangementthe products of combustion pass straight up around the involute coils D3 and D and ont through the opening A9 in the conical top of the casing A.

The involute coils D3 may be arranged so that the contents of the generator either enter at the center or at the outer end, as found convenient. If desired, the coils may be arranged in pairs in the manner shown in Figs. 4: and 5, where it will be seen that the tube is coiled from without inward in the lower part and led up and doubled back on itself to form the upper and second part.

The several portions of the tube constituting the continuous conduit D D D2 D3 D4 may be joined up together in any convenient manner. In the accompanying drawings no joints are indicated, the coil being shown, diagrammatically, as continuous. In practice, however, the several parts of the coil-such as the several involute coils, the coil forming the wall around the source of heat, and the feed heating portions-may be formed separate and connected together by joints which, for convenience in having access to them, are arran ged in the chamber F,form ed by the curved portions ofV the casin gs A and A and a removable door F.

In order to assist the products of combustion :in following the prescribed course through the generator, a fan may be arranged to exhaust air from the feed-water-heating chamber, the fan heilig, for example, arranged within` the casing AS, as at E, on the top of the generator. The fan may be driven from some moving part of the engine driven by the steam from the generator.

If desired, the top of the feed-water-heating chamber may be closed in and the tube C Adispensed with, the products of combustion being then led away from the bottom of the casing A', preferably through an opening in t-he plate A3 or otherwise. The fan -in this case issituated in a suitable` position in the passage for conducting the exhaust products away.

I claim-- l. In a steaimgcnerator, the combination Above the latter IIO - heat, a series of connected coils within the casof means for generating heat, a steam-generating coil surrounding said means, a superheating-coil communicating with the steam-generating coil and arranged above the same and in the vertical plane of the heat-generator and a feed-water pipe leading into the lower end of the generating-coil, substantially as described.

2. In a steam-generator, the combination ot' an inclosing casing, means for generating ing arranged in the line of ilow of the products of combustion and constituting respectively a feed-water heater, a steam-generator and a steam-superheater, an inlet-pipe leading to the feed-water heater and an outletpipe leading from the superheater, substantially as described.

3. In a steam-generator, the combination of means for generating heat, a feed-water heater arranged to be heated by the waste products of combustion from the heater to impart an initial heat to the water, a steam- 'generator communicating at its lower end with the feed-water heater and a steam-superheating coil connected to the generator and arranged above and in the vertical plane of the heat-generating means, substantially as described.

4. In a steam-generator, the combination of means for generating heat, a steam-generator surrounding the saine, a feed-water heater communicating with the lower end of the generator, and a superheater arranged in the path of the products of combustion and above the normal water-level in the steamgenerator, substantially as described.

5. In a steam-generator, the combination of means for generating heat, a coil of tube constituting a feed-water heater heated by the waste products of the heat-generating means, a coil of tube forming a wall of the tube around the heat-generator and directly connected to the feed-water heater, a series of involute coils superimposed above the heatgenerator and directly connected with the wall of tube, all of the coils being connected together so as to form one continuous conduit, as set forth.

G. In a steamgenerator, the combination of means for generating heat, a coil of tube constituting a feed-water heater heated by' the waste products of the heat-generator, a coil of tube forming a wall of tube around the heat-generator and directly connected'to the feed-water heater, a series of involute coils superimposed above the heat-generator and directly connected with the wall of tube, all ot the coils being connected together to form one continuous conduit, a twin casing, the parts of which are arranged side by side, one part inclosing the feed-heating portion of the continuous coil and the other part inclosing the rest of the coil anda deiiector common to the two parts of the casing to direct the products of combustion into the casing of the feed-heater from its companion casing, substantially as set forth.

7. 'In a steam-generator, the combination of heat-generating means, a coil of tube constituting a feed-water heater, a coil of tube forming a Wall around the heat-generator, a series of pairs of involute coils of tube formed by coiling the tube from without inward carrying it up and doubling it back .on itselt, the involute coils thus formed being superimposed above the heat-generator, and all of the coils being connected together to form one continuous conduit as set forth.

8. In a steam-generator the combination of means for generating heat, a coil of tube constituting a feed-water heater, a coil of tube forming a wall around the heat-generator, a series of involute coils of tube superimposed above the heat-generator, all the coils being connected together to form a continuous conduit, a twin casing, one part inclosing the feed-heating portion of the coil and the other part inclosing the rest of the coil, a deiiector to direct the products of combustion into the casing of the feed-heater from its companion casing, and a fan for sucking the products of combustion out of the feed-water-heating chamber, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence ofthe two subscribing witnesses.

THOMAS C LARKSON.

Vitnesses:

W. M. HARRIS, FRED C. HARRIS. 

